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Choose chia.
Just 1½ cups of cooked oats serves up 3 grams of cholesterol-cutting soluble fiber—the most of any grain, according to Gulati. But every breakfast routine needs variety, so consider starting some days by mixing tiny, omega-3-rich chia seeds into a smoothie or yogurt. Every 1-ounce serving of chia has 10 grams of fiber, 2.5 grams of it soluble. A small study published in Diabetes Care showed eating chia seeds dampens inflammation, lowers blood pressure, and promotes healthy blood glucose levels.
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Cultivate your community.
If you’re happy and you know it, you may decrease your heart disease risk by about 22 percent, according to a recent ten-year study of 1,700-plus people. Spend time with positive people you enjoy because loneliness actually increases blood pressure, researchers have found. “Reach out to your best friend whom you haven’t spoken to in a while and plan to get together," says Goldberg. “People with a better support network live longer.”
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Pump up potassium.
Most Americans eat way too much salt—but restricting salt is only one answer for how to lower blood pressure. Getting adequate potassium can also help. To reach the recommended 500 mg each day, eat a half-cup of dried apricots, raisins, or pistachios, or half an avocado, which offers 60 percent more potassium than a banana. Tomato juice and coconut water are also good sources.
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Get serious about snacking
Grazing on wholesome mini-meals, such as apple slices with nut butter or carrot sticks dipped in hummus, prevents cravings that can lead to weight gain. British researchers found that eating six or more small meals a day lowers “bad” LDL cholesterol better than eating fewer meals hours apart.
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Don’t forget fat
Although Bill Clinton may have saved his life by ditching meat, dairy, eggs, and almost all oil, many experts say that monounsaturated fats can benefit the heart. A small avocado, for example, has almost 10 grams of monounsaturated fat yet only 2 grams of saturated fat. “The ratio is good,” explains Gulati. “If you eat avocados in moderation, you will lower your cholesterol.”
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Eat fish—and take omega-3s.
A recent meta-analysis found that taking omega-3 supplements did not fend off major heart problems—but many of the study subjects already had heart disease and were taking statins, which a new study shows can greatly diminish fish oil’s benefits. Earlier research shows fish oil can decrease heart attack risk, according to Jacob Teitelbaum, MD, author of Real Cause, Real Cure (Rodale, 2012). To reap the most benefits, eat two servings weekly of fatty fish. And consider taking a daily fish oil or algal oil supplement
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Win with nonalcoholic wine.
The antioxidants in a little red wine may increase “good” HDL cholesterol levels. Nonalcoholic wine also seems to lower blood pressure, researchers say, by increasing blood levels of nitric oxide, a chemical that relaxes blood vessels. If you choose regular red wine, Goldberg recommends drinking in moderation: That means one 4-ounce glass per day for women and up to two glasses for men.
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Savor chocolate.
Statin medication lowers heart disease risk in those without known heart problems by only 1.2 percent, says Teitelbaum. Eating a small square of chocolate daily is study of nearly 5,000 people showed that those who ate chocolate (any kind) five times a week had a 57 percent lower risk of coronary heart disease compared with those who consumed no chocolate—probably thanks to chocolate’s polyphenol antioxidants, says Teitelbaum.
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Snooze longer.
People who sleep less than seven hours a night have higher levels of the stress hormone cortisol, which leads to elevated blood pressure and an increase in belly fat that’s linked to heart disease and diabetes, according to Goldberg. For balanced cortisol levels, avoid light exposure from your TV or computer after 10 p.m. so your adrenal glands can start releasing the sleep-wake hormone melatonin, which helps regenerate your body while you sleep.
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Ditch BPA.
A 2012 study found that people with narrowed arteries had higher urine levels of bisphenol-A (BPA), a food and beverage packaging chemical. Although researchers didn’t establish a causal link, you can minimize your BPA exposure by choosing BPA-free cans and plastic bottles and refusing thermal-paper receipts at checkout.
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Sip tea.
Cut out sugary drinks, which are linked to cardiovascular disease. Instead, each day sip on one to two cups of brewed tea, which lowers heart attack (and diabetes) risk, says Teitelbaum. Use stevia if you miss the sweet taste.
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Go for a stroll.
Taking a daily half-hour walk can lower heart disease risk by nearly 50 percent, according to Nieca Goldberg, MD, medical director of New York University’s Women’s Heart Center and author of Dr. Nieca Goldberg’s Complete Guide to Women’s Health (Ballantine, 2008). “Everyone thinks that the more intense the exercise, the better for you,” she says. “Research has shown that it’s even more important to do moderate-paced exercise regularly.” If you’re time-crunched, take three ten-minute walks per day; it’s just as good for your heart as one 30-minute walk.
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Go nuts.
Nuts such as almonds and walnuts have so much research backing their heart-protective powers that they’ve earned a qualified health claim from the FDA. Until recently, though, this recommendation came with a caveat: Eating the 1½ ounces that may reduce heart disease risk added up to only about 12 whole almonds, making it easy to overindulge, according to Goldberg. The heartening news: Last year, food scientists discovered that almonds have 32 percent fewer calories than previously thought, so you can enjoy a few more without compromising your waistline.
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Make up for lost magnesium.
Your heart is a muscle that pumps 24/7. “The heart needs energy, and magnesium is a critical mineral for energy-producing reactions,” says Teitelbaum. “Magnesium will increase cardiac output about 75 percent.” Unfortunately, food processing reduces magnesium levels, which lowers most people’s overall intake, he says. To close the gap, eat magnesium-loaded almonds, green leafy vegetables, and lentils. Or supplement with 200 mg of magnesium per day.
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Ramp up with ribose.
What nutrient can literally pump up your heart? A new study in The Open Pain Journal showed that D-ribose, a type of sugar made by the body, can increase a person’s energy production by an average of 61 percent. Teitelbaum recommends taking 5 grams of supplemental ribose powder three times a day for six weeks, and then two times a day after that.
What if if improving heart health could mean savoring dark chocolate, hanging out with friends, sleeping more, and indulging in certain high-fat foods? Good news: Protecting your ticker can involve all the above. “You need to take pleasure in eating good foods and enjoying life,” says Martha Gulati, MD, director of preventive cardiology and women’s cardiovascular health at Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and author of Saving Women’s Hearts (Wiley, 2011). Here are 15 effective actions that you’ll willingly take to heart.